1. Write in front

Introduced in the previous articleDartmethod and arrow function , then continue to learn nowDartOptional parameters in the method, the method is passed as a parameter .

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[Flutter] Dart's method and arrow function

2. Optional parameters

First, let's take a look at the optional parameters in the method

sum1 (int a ,{b,c}){
  b ??= 1;
  c ??= 2;
  return a + b + c;
}

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In the above method,bandcIt is an optional parameter, and it will also prompt when calling:

because optionalbandcThe parameter does not specify a type, so it isdynamicdynamic type.

Optional parameters: When calling the method, you must bring the name of the formal parameter

void  functionTest ( )  { 
  print ( sum1 ( 1 , c : 2 , b : 3 ) ) ; 
} 
// Optional parameters: When calling a method, you must include the names of the formal parameters, and the order can be different 
sum1  ( int a , { b , c } ) { 
  //If b/c is empty, assign 1, 2 
  b ? ? =  1 ; 
  c ? ? =  2 ; 
  return a + b + c; 
}

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Optional parameters, you can choose to give a value, or you can choose not to give it, if there are multiple optional parameters, you can choose one of the values.

Can optional parameters be added with types, as follows?

sum1 (int a ,{int b,int c}){

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This will give an error, as follows:

Error: The value of parameter 'b' cannot be 'null' because its type is 'int', but the implicit default value is 'null'.

// nullability   
sum1  ( int a , { int ? b , int ? c } ) { 
// int? tells the compiler that I've handled the null case 
  // if b/c is null assign 1, 2 
  b ? ? =  1 ; 
  c ? ? =  2 ; 
  return a + b + c ; 
}

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add a?That's it, just tell the compiler that this isnullabilityType, tell the compiler that if it is empty, I will handle it myself later.

Do not use?If so, just assign the default value directly.

sum1 (int a ,{int b=1,int c=2}){
  // b ??= 1;
  // c ??= 2;
  return a + b + c;
}

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The above optional parameters need to have a formal parameter name, which can be specified tobstill iscAssignment, the following way of writing, does not require formal parameter names, but cannot specify assignment

sum1 (int a ,[int b=1,int c=2])

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If you specify an assignment, an error will be reported, as follows:

skipping one of the middle will also report an error, as follows:

can only be assigned in order

All optional parameters are assigned as follows:

print(sum1(1,2,3));

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3. Methods are passed as parameters

A method is also an object, which can be assigned to a variable and can be called directly to run

void  functionTest ( )  { 
  var hello =  jpHello ( ) ; 
  hello ( ) ;  // can be called directly 
} 
jpHello ( ) { 
  print ( "hello reno" ) ; 
}

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method is passed as a parameter, of course it and weOCmiddleblockNot the same, the usage is similar, so let's take a look at the example below.

void functionTest() {
  var list = [1,2,3,4,5];
  list.forEach(print);
}

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Here is the call to the systemforEachmethod, passing in a method parameterprintPrintlistcontent.

let's go seeforEachInternal implementation of the method

forEachaccept an incomingactionmethod, then traverse the caller of the methodthisevery element insideelement, then callaction, incomingelement.

Then we will implement oneforEachfunction method!

void functionTest() {
  var list = [1,2,3,4,5];
  // list.forEach(print);
  forEachTest(list,print);

} 
//Customize a forEach 
forEachTest ( List list , void  func ( var element ) ) { 
  for  ( var e in list )  func ( e ) ; 
}

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The test print result is as follows:

this isdartThe method is used as a parameter, that is, an object, and parameters can be passed, which is also the most used scenario.

4. Write at the back

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